Tanzanite: The December Birthstone Since 2002
Tanzanite, a dazzling gemstone of deep blue and violet hues, is one of December's birthstones and a rare treasure in the world of gems. A variety of the mineral zoisite, tanzanite’s story is one of discovery, transformation, and unparalleled beauty. Its journey from raw zoisite to the vibrant gem we know today involves fascinating geological processes and human ingenuity. In this article, we explore the natural state of zoisite, how it became tanzanite, the treatments it undergoes, its color variations, formation, origin, mining, characteristics, history, and its profound meaning and symbolism.
Read more about December Birthstones…
From Natural Zoisite to Tanzanite
Zoisite, the mineral family to which tanzanite belongs, occurs in various colors, including green, pink, gray, and brown. When found in its natural rough form, blue zoisite often appears dull, with brownish hues masking its potential brilliance. It wasn’t until its discovery in Tanzania in 1967 that blue-violet zoisite gained worldwide attention.
Tiffany & Co. recognized the gemstone’s potential and named it "tanzanite" to honor its sole geographic origin and enhance its market appeal. The name created a unique identity for the gemstone, distancing it from other forms of zoisite and elevating its status as a luxury gem.
Treatments and Color Variations
Natural tanzanite is pleochroic, displaying different colors—blue, violet, and burgundy—depending on the angle of light. In its rough state, tanzanite often has a dominant brownish tint that masks its blue and violet hues.
Treatments
To reveal its vibrant colors, tanzanite undergoes heat treatment, a standard and stable process. The treatment removes brown tones and enhances the gem’s blue and violet brilliance, ensuring its striking appearance remains permanent.
Color Variations
Blue Tanzanite: Resembling the deep, rich tones of sapphire, blue tanzanite is highly prized.
Violet Tanzanite: Gems leaning toward violet tones are equally admired for their unique charm.
Pleochroic Tanzanite: Exhibiting shades of blue, violet, and burgundy, tanzanite's pleochroic nature makes it a dynamic and fascinating gemstone.
Formation, Origin, and Mining
Tanzanite’s extraordinary beauty begins with unique geological conditions and its exclusive origin in northern Tanzania.
Formation
Tanzanite forms deep underground in metamorphic rocks through a combination of high temperatures, pressures, and the presence of vanadium—a trace element responsible for its vibrant color. These conditions occurred millions of years ago during tectonic plate shifts.
Geographic Origin
Tanzanite is found exclusively in a small area near Mount Kilimanjaro in the Mererani Hills of Tanzania. This limited geographic source makes it one of the rarest gemstones on Earth, estimated to be 1,000 times rarer than diamonds.
Mining
Mining in the Mererani Hills is a challenging process, often conducted by artisanal miners using traditional methods. The Tanzanian government has introduced measures to regulate and protect the gemstone’s mining and export, ensuring sustainability and ethical practices.
Characteristics
Tanzanite’s unique physical and optical properties contribute to its status as a beloved gemstone.
Hardness: With a Mohs hardness of 6 to 7, tanzanite is moderately durable but requires care to avoid scratches or damage.
Transparency and Clarity: High-quality tanzanite is typically eye-clean, with minimal inclusions that could affect its brilliance.
Luster: The gemstone’s vitreous (glass-like) luster enhances its luxurious appearance.
Pleochroism: Tanzanite’s ability to display multiple colors depending on the viewing angle is one of its most captivating traits.
History
Although its history is short compared to other gemstones, tanzanite has left an indelible mark on the world of fine jewelry.
Discovery in 1967: Masai herders discovered blue crystals in the Mererani Hills, initially mistaking them for sapphires. These crystals were later identified as a unique variety of zoisite.
Tiffany & Co. Branding: Tiffany & Co. introduced tanzanite to the global market in 1968, describing it as “the most beautiful blue stone discovered in 2,000 years.”
Recognition as a Birthstone: Tanzanite became an official birthstone for December in 2002, further solidifying its place in the gemstone world.
Meaning and Symbolism
Tanzanite is more than a gemstone; it embodies profound meanings and metaphysical properties.
Symbolism
Transformation: Tanzanite symbolizes personal growth and transformation, reflecting its discovery and the processes that bring out its vibrant colors.
Creativity and Intuition: The gemstone is thought to inspire creativity and enhance intuition, making it a favorite among artists and dreamers.
Calm and Serenity: Its soothing blue hues evoke peace and emotional balance, helping wearers navigate stress and anxiety.
Emotional Healing: Encourages positive thinking, self-expression, and inner peace.
Physical Support: Thought to boost the immune system and promote overall vitality.
Tanzanite’s story, from its natural state as rough zoisite to a dazzling gemstone, is one of rarity, beauty, and transformation. Its captivating colors, unique origin, and profound symbolism make it a fitting birthstone for December. Whether admired for its vibrant hues, cherished for its symbolic significance, or celebrated as a modern treasure, tanzanite continues to enchant and inspire, earning its place as one of the most remarkable gemstones of the modern era.
Follow @kmjewelrydesign on Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn for more fine custom jewelry design and gemstone related posts, fun facts and articles! If you are ready to explore the thought of designing a special piece of jewelry, click or tap the button below to schedule your complimentary jewelry design consultation.
Tanzanite: The December Birthstone Since 2002
